I may be wrong, but in my mind, there is no way that the same animal can have a different scientific name.
In the same way that a tadpole is a larval stage of a frog, surely a caterpillar is a larval stage of a butterfly/moth.
Even though not all worms turn into moths/butterflies, doesn't mean that a caterpillar/worm should not have a scientific name or a different one to the adult form.